Atypus affinis<\/em> Eichwald, 1830<\/p>\n Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830 \u00ebsht\u00eb ndoshta merimanga m\u00eb e zakonshme megalomorfe europiane e cila i p\u00ebrket familjes Atypidae. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb t\u00eb vetmet p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs qendrore, t\u00eb cilat ngjajn\u00eb me tarantulat, pasi karakterizohen nga forma dhe pozicioni i kelicerave t\u00eb vendosura gjithmon\u00eb p\u00ebrpara dhe paralele. Anglosakson\u00ebt i p\u00ebrkufizojn\u00eb Atypidae si \u201cpurse web-spider\u201d (merimangat q\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb rrjet\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00eb \u00e7ante) n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb aparatit t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb merimangat e k\u00ebsaj familjeje p\u00ebrdorin p\u00ebr kapjen e pres\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn njihen vet\u00ebm tre gjini t\u00eb familjes Atypidae dhe nj\u00eb total prej 49 lloje, nga t\u00eb cilat tre lloje jan\u00eb t\u00eb pranishme n\u00eb Europ\u00eb (nga m\u00eb e madhja tek m\u00eb e vogla: Atypus muralis, Atypus piceus dhe Atypus affinis), p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat anglosakson\u00ebt kan\u00eb tre emra t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7antive t\u00eb tyre (p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht: wall purse-web spider, pitch-black purse-web spider dhe common purse-web spider).<\/p>\n Shp\u00ebrndarja e tyre n\u00eb Europ\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e ndryshme. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb Gjermani Atypus affinis \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e zakonshme, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb Austri ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb lloji m\u00eb i rrall\u00eb nga t\u00eb tre llojet e sip\u00ebr p\u00ebrmendura. A. affinis \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj i ri p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, ku sipas studimeve t\u00eb doktoratur\u00ebs s\u00eb B.Vrenozi ky lloj njihet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb rrethin e Tiran\u00ebs. Atypus affinis \u00ebsht\u00eb e kufizuar vet\u00ebm n\u00eb zonat kserotermike, t\u00eb thata, t\u00eb ngrohta dhe me diell. Nd\u00ebr habitatet e preferuara p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj p\u00ebrmendim pyjet e pish\u00ebs, n\u00eb shpatet e ekspozuara me drejtimin jugor si dhe n\u00eb livadhet e thata. N\u00eb ndryshim nga llojet e tjera, A. affinis priret t\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb ult\u00ebsira dhe zona kodrinore t\u00eb ul\u00ebta deri n\u00eb 600m dhe kryesisht \u00ebsht\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt per\u00ebndimore dhe veriore t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs qendrore.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00ebsia e trupit t\u00eb mashkullit (duke p\u00ebrjashtuar pjes\u00ebt e goj\u00ebs) \u00ebsht\u00eb 7\u201310 mm, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr femr\u00ebn 10\u201315 mm. Ngjyrimi tek meshkujt \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb i zi pis, tek femrat \u00ebsht\u00eb kafe e err\u00ebt, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb vegjlit kan\u00eb kryesisht ngjyra m\u00eb t\u00eb zbehta. Sternumi \u00ebsht\u00eb qart\u00ebsisht i ndritsh\u00ebm. Spineretat e gjata posteriore jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndara n\u00eb tre segmente (nj\u00eb tipar q\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalluar A. affinis nga dy llojet e tjera). A. piceus ka nj\u00eb gjysm\u00eb unaz\u00eb t\u00eb papigmentuar n\u00eb segmentin e fundit (q\u00eb e b\u00ebn t\u00eb duket sikur ka 3\u00bd), nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb A. muralis ka kat\u00ebr spinereta t\u00eb segmentuara. Gjithashtu edhe A. affinis ka nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb papigmentuar t\u00eb pjes\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb maj\u00ebs s\u00eb patell\u00ebs t\u00eb \u00e7iftit t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebve.<\/p>\n T\u00eb gjith\u00eb llojet e gjinis\u00eb Atypus jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb tuba n\u00ebntok\u00ebsor rreth 10\u201330 cm t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ato i kan\u00eb g\u00ebrmuar me an\u00eb t\u00eb kelicerave t\u00eb fuqishme dhe i kan\u00eb mbushur me m\u00ebndafsh. Mbi sip\u00ebrfaqe kjo rrjet\u00eb formon \u201ctub gjuajt\u00ebs\u201d rreth 1 cm t\u00eb gjer\u00eb dhe 10 cm t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, i cili del nga toka dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i maskuar me th\u00ebrrmija toke nga mjedisi p\u00ebrreth. Merimanga pozicionohet n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi t\u00eb tubit dhe pret p\u00ebr insektet endacake tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb ecin mbi pjes\u00ebn e jashtme t\u00eb tubit gjuajt\u00ebs. N\u00eb momentin e duhur, merimanga e kafshon me shpejt\u00ebsi pren\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet tubit gjuajt\u00ebs, dhe m\u00eb pas e t\u00ebrheq n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi, ku do t\u00eb konsumohet. Brenda nj\u00eb kohe t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, pjesa e vog\u00ebl e rrjet\u00ebs s\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar do t\u00eb riparohet me sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. Preja e preferuar e merimangave t\u00eb gjinis\u00eb Atypus p\u00ebrfshin n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi milingonat dhe koleopter\u00ebt, por n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste edhe shum\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00ebshit.<\/p>\n Gjat\u00eb sezonit t\u00eb \u00e7ift\u00ebzimit (nga Shtatori n\u00eb N\u00ebntor) gjenden shpesh meshkujt t\u00eb cil\u00ebt enden n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen e tok\u00ebs. N\u00eb ndryshim nga ky lloj, A. piceus ka aktivitet m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht nga Maji n\u00eb Korrik. N\u00ebse, gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb sh\u00ebtitje n\u00eb vjesht\u00eb, do tju ndodh\u00eb t\u00eb rastisni nj\u00eb merimang\u00eb mashkull t\u00eb gjinis\u00eb Atypus n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb nj\u00eb femre, at\u00ebher\u00eb ju do t\u00eb keni nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi perfekte p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb Merimag\u00ebn e Vitit 2013. Ose ndoshta ju mund t\u00eb shikoni nj\u00eb tub t\u00eb \u00e7uditsh\u00ebm prej m\u00ebndafshi t\u00eb maskuar shum\u00eb mir\u00eb. Christoph H\u00f6rweg &\u00a0Blerina Vrenozi<\/p>\n Dr. Blerina Vrenozi, Qendra K\u00ebrkimore e Flor\u00ebs dhe Faun\u00ebs, Fakulteti i Shkencave t\u00eb Natyr\u00ebs, Tirana, Albania Merimanga Europiane e vitit 2013<\/p>\n Atypus affinis<\/em> Eichwald, 1830<\/p>\n Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830 \u00ebsht\u00eb ndoshta merimanga m\u00eb e zakonshme megalomorfe europiane e cila i p\u00ebrket familjes Atypidae. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb t\u00eb vetmet p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs qendrore, t\u00eb cilat ngjajn\u00eb me tarantulat,<\/p>\n …<\/span><\/p>\n
\nN\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb vendeve europiane ku ato ndodhen, A. affinis ndodhet n\u00eb List\u00ebn e Kuqe, n\u00eb kategorin\u00eb \u201clloje n\u00eb rrezik zhdukje\u201d ose \u201clloje ekstremisht n\u00eb rrezik zhdukje\u201d.<\/p>\n
\nMeshkujt e A. affinis shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb femrave duke shkaktuar vibracione n\u00eb tubin gjuajt\u00ebs t\u00eb partneres. Menj\u00ebher\u00eb sapo i t\u00ebrheq v\u00ebmendjen femr\u00ebs, meshkujt futen n\u00eb tub dhe \u00e7ift\u00ebzohen n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00ebt t\u00eb streh\u00ebs n\u00ebntok\u00ebsore.
\nVez\u00ebt vendosen n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e zgjeruar t\u00eb tubit n\u00ebntok\u00ebsor n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi t\u00eb nj\u00eb thesi me vez\u00eb \u201ckokoni\u201d. N\u00eb vjesht\u00eb dalin t\u00eb vegjlit (deri n\u00eb 100 individ\u00eb), t\u00eb cil\u00ebt q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb n\u00eb tubin e n\u00ebn\u00ebs pa u ushqyer, deri n\u00eb pranver\u00eb. Me ngritjen e temperatur\u00ebs (Mars – Prill), t\u00eb vegjlit e braktisin tubin dhe shp\u00ebrndahen jasht\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet \u201cballooning\u201d (duke l\u00ebshuar nj\u00eb fill m\u00ebndafshi i cili e lejon t\u00eb transportohet me an\u00eb t\u00eb er\u00ebs). N\u00eb ndryshim nga shum\u00eb merimanga t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs qendrore, k\u00ebto gjallesa mund t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb deri n\u00eb 8\u201310 vite.<\/p>\n
\nN\u00eb secilin rast:\u201dIa vlen t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjosh merimang\u00ebn Atypus affinis, e cila sigurisht q\u00eb nuk do tju shkaktoj\u00eb ju as d\u00ebmtim dhe as frik\u00eb.\u201d<\/p>\nContact Albania<\/h4>\n
\ne-mail: blerina.vrenozifshn.edu.al, Mob: (+355) 069 25 01331<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"