{"id":3349,"date":"2022-01-19T13:32:33","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T12:32:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/european-arachnology.org\/esa\/?p=3349"},"modified":"2022-01-19T13:45:55","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T12:45:55","slug":"spider-of-the-year-al","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/european-arachnology.org\/esa\/?p=3349","title":{"rendered":"Spider of the year 2021 – AL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merimanga e Vitit 2021<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merimanga pirate – Ero furcata<\/em> (Villers, 1789)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Merimanga pirate, Ero furcata<\/em> (Villers, 1789), i p\u00ebrket familjes s\u0451 merimangave pirate me gunga (Mimetidae). N\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, kjo familje ka 154 lloje, nga t\u00eb cilat 10 jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Kjo familje p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet nga dy gjini, Ero<\/em> dhe Mimetus<\/em>. Gjinia Ero<\/em> p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet nga kat\u00ebr lloje t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara kryesisht n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore: Ero aphana<\/em> (Walckenaer, 1802), E. cambridgei<\/em> Kulczy\u0144ski, 1991, Ero furcata<\/em> (Villers, 1789) dhe E. tuberculata<\/em> (de Geer, 1778). E. tuberculata<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi lloj q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb identifikuar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. E<\/em>.<\/em> furcata<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rajonin Palearktik. N\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore ajo ndodhet m\u0451 s\u0451 shumti n\u0451 rrafshinat dhe ult\u00ebsirat deri n\u00eb 800 m mbi nivelit e detit, por n\u00eb rajonet malore ajo mund t\u00eb gjendet deri n\u00eb 1500 m. N\u00eb Austri ka t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb saj n\u00eb shpatet e rr\u00ebpirave t\u00eb maleve deri n\u00eb 2000 m mbi nivelin e detit. Kjo merimang\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb mjedise natyrore, zakonisht n\u00eb bim\u00ebsin\u00eb e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb pyjeve, por edhe n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb trungjeve t\u00eb drur\u00ebve. Gjithashtu ato gjenden edhe n\u00eb skajet e pyjeve, n\u00eb shkurre dhe vende t\u00eb ngrohta. Merimanga pirate nuk konsiderohet lloj i rrezikuar. Gjat\u00ebsia e trupit t\u00eb meshkujve \u00ebsht\u00eb 2.5-3 mm, dhe e femrave 4.5-4.8 mm. Cefalotoraksi \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngritur n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e mesit, me ngjyr\u00eb kafe t\u00eb leht\u00eb dhe ka shenja t\u00eb zeza karakteristike. Abdomeni \u00ebsht\u00eb i shkurt\u00ebr dhe i rrumbullak\u00ebt, me ngjyr\u00eb kafe t\u00eb leht\u00eb dhe me arna t\u00eb err\u00ebta dhe dy gunga n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e p\u00ebrparme. K\u00ebmb\u00ebt jan\u00eb kryesisht me shenja t\u00eb qarta unazore, dhe dy ciftet e para t\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebve jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjata se t\u00eb tjerat. Merimanga pirate \u00ebsht\u00eb, si\u00e7 e n\u00ebnkupton dhe emri, nj\u00eb grabit\u00ebse dhe ha vet\u00ebm merimangat e tjera, sidomos llojet rrjet\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuese. Merimanga pirate nuk nd\u00ebrton nj\u00eb rrjet\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebn, por n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebllimshme ajo hyn gjat\u00eb mbr\u00ebmjes ose nat\u00ebn n\u00eb rrjet\u00ebn e merimangave t\u00eb tjera duke e pushtuar at\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar k\u00ebt\u00eb, ajo me mjesht\u00ebri l\u00ebviz fillin e m\u00ebndafshit, duke pretenduar t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb pre e cila ka ngecur n\u00eb rrjet\u00eb, duke e g\u00ebnjyer merimang\u00ebn e k\u00ebsaj rrjete. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ajo e rr\u00ebmben dhe e t\u00ebrheq k\u00ebt\u00eb pre me k\u00ebmb\u00ebt e gjata t\u00eb p\u00ebrparme, e pickon n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb duke e helmuar, dhe m\u00eb pas e konsumon duke i thithur indet e brendshme, t\u00eb tretura nga sekrecionet e stomakut t\u00eb merimang\u00ebs pirate. Gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebs merimanga pirate fshihet n\u00ebn gjethe ose pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb drur\u00ebve, zakonisht me k\u00ebmb\u00ebt e saj t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequra, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebshtu mjaft e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u gjetur. M\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr tu zbuluar \u00ebsht\u00eb thesi karakteristik i vez\u00ebve, i prodhuar n\u00eb fund t\u00eb ver\u00ebs. Thesi i vez\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eble, rreth 4 mm dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga disa shtresa t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb m\u00ebndafshit. Shtresa m\u00eb e brendshme \u00ebsht\u00eb e holl\u00eb e bardh\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga fije shum\u00eb t\u00eb holla, shtresa e mesme ka m\u00ebndafsh m\u00eb t\u00eb trash\u00eb e t\u00eb fort\u00eb i cili mb\u00ebshtjell t\u00eb shtr\u00ebnguar fort shtres\u00ebn e brendshme, dhe shtresa e jashtme me fije t\u00eb forta t\u00eb dredhura. Thesi i vez\u00ebve zakonisht varet me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb filli t\u00eb holl\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb rreth 15 mm t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, n\u00ebn nj\u00eb zgjatje, flet\u00eb ose pjes\u00eb tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb drur\u00ebve. Varja e thesit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ofron mbrojtje t\u00eb tij nga grabitqar\u00ebt q\u00eb han\u00eb vez\u00ebt, por kjo nuk pengon parazitizmin nga kafsh\u00eb t\u00eb tilla si grer\u00ebzat ikneumone t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 40% t\u00eb thesit t\u00eb vez\u00ebve. Thesi i vez\u00ebve zakonisht ka vet\u00ebm 6-8 vez\u00eb. T\u00eb vegjlit \u00e7elin pas dim\u00ebrimit, dhe arrijn\u00eb pjekurin\u00eb seksuale nga fundi i pranver\u00ebs dhe pastaj nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb thesin e tyre me vez\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat \u00e7elin gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, Ero furcata<\/em> mund t\u00eb gjendet gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb vitit. N\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore ka t\u00eb pranishme dhe tre lloje t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb merimangave pirate, dhe t\u00eb gjitha kan\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jetese t\u00eb ngjashme. Ero cambridgei<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me Ero furcata<\/em> pasi ka dy gjunga, por \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl dhe mund t\u00eb gjendet gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb vitit n\u00eb habitatet e lagura si k\u00ebneta ose livadhet e p\u00ebrmbytura. Ero aphana<\/em> ka kat\u00ebr gunga, gjendet n\u00eb skajet e pyjeve dhe shkurreve t\u00eb pishave dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht aktiv nga Prilli deri n\u00eb Gusht n\u00eb vende t\u00eb ngrohta. Ero tuberculata<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb lloji m\u00eb i madh, ka po ashtu kat\u00ebr gunga, ku \u00e7ifti i p\u00ebrparm\u00eb i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht i madh. Ky lloj mund t\u00eb gjendet edhe n\u00eb pyjet e pishave dhe habitatet e lagura.<\/p>\n

Pse \u0451sht\u0451 zgjedhur merimanga pirate si Merimanga Evropiane e Vitit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Si nj\u00eb \u2018hajdute mes hajdut\u00ebve\u2019, merimanga pirate ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb t\u00eb ushqyerit. Thesi karakteristik i vez\u00ebve gjithashtu ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequrit t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes drejt m\u00ebnyrave t\u00eb ndryshme me an\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb cilave m\u00ebndafshi i merimangave mund t\u00eb prodhohet dhe p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase. Duke zgjedhur Merimang\u00ebn e Vitit, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt shpresojn\u00eb q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do ti kushtohet v\u00ebmendje nj\u00eb grupi pak t\u00eb njohur t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve, por n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur informacionin e p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar mbi shp\u00ebrndarjen aktuale t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, mund t\u00eb shijoni k\u00ebt\u00eb Merimang\u00eb t\u00eb Vitit 2021 dhe t\u00eb na ofroni ndihm\u00eb me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e vendndodhjes suaj ose me dokumentime fotografike t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji. Merimanga Evropiane e Vitit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhur nga 84 araknolog\u00eb nga 27 shtete Evropiane. Kordinimi i votave \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar nga Muzeu i Historis\u00eb s\u00eb Natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me \u2018ArachnologischeGesellschaft\u2019 (AraGes) dhe Shoqat\u00ebn Evropiane t\u00eb Araknologjis\u00eb. Christoph H\u00f6rweg & Blerina Vrenozi.<\/p>\n

Kontakt n<\/strong>\u0451<\/strong> Shqip<\/strong>\u0451<\/strong>ri:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Blerina Vrenozi, Muzeu i Shkencave t\u0451 Natyr\u0451s, Rr. Petro Nini Luarasi, Nd. 76-1, No. 2, 1010 Tiran\u00eb, Shqip\u0451ri. E-mail: blerina.vrenozi@fshn.edu.al<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Merimanga e Vitit 2021<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merimanga pirate – Ero furcata<\/em> (Villers, 1789)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Merimanga pirate, Ero furcata<\/em> (Villers, 1789), i p\u00ebrket familjes s\u0451 merimangave pirate me gunga (Mimetidae). N\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn,<\/p>\n

…<\/span><\/p>\n

Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

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