{"id":3356,"date":"2022-01-19T13:51:08","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T12:51:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/european-arachnology.org\/esa\/?p=3356"},"modified":"2022-01-19T13:53:31","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T12:53:31","slug":"spider-of-the-year-2022-al","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/european-arachnology.org\/esa\/?p=3356","title":{"rendered":"Spider of the year 2022 – AL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merimanga e Vitit 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merimanga zukat\u00ebse – <\/em>Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata <\/em>(Ohlert, 1865)<\/p>\n

Merimanga zukat\u00ebse, Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata<\/em> (Ohlert, 1865), i p\u00ebrket familjes s\u0451 merimangave ujk (Lycosidae). N\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, kjo familje ka 2440 lloje, nga t\u00eb cilat 352 lloje jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe 46 lloje n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. N\u00eb gjinin\u00eb Hygrolycosa<\/em> ka vet\u00ebm pes\u00eb lloje n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn dhe dy lloje n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, nga t\u00eb cilat Hygrolycosa strandiis<\/em> ndodhet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Greqi. Merimanga zukat\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese e k\u00ebtij grupi n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb identifikuar.<\/p>\n

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Shp\u00ebrndarja, habitati, statusi e rrezikimit. <\/strong>Merimanga zukat\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rajonin Palearktik. N\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Qendrore \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti n\u00eb rrafshinat dhe ult\u00ebsirat deri n\u00eb 800 m mbi nivelin e detit. N\u00eb Austri, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga merimangat m\u00eb t\u00eb rralla me vet\u00ebm pak t\u00eb dh\u00ebna n\u00eb Vorarlberg, Styria dhe Burgenland, t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb lidhura me habitatin e saj t\u00eb specializuar. Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata<\/em> preferon habitatet e lag\u00ebshta, duke u gjendur k\u00ebshtu vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vende t\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhura pothuajse natyrore t\u00eb tilla si k\u00ebneta, mo\u00e7ale, livadhe t\u00eb lagura ose pyje t\u00eb lagura (kanione). P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve n\u00eb rritje dhe shkat\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb disa prej habitateve t\u00eb saj t\u00eb preferuara, merimanga zukat\u00ebse shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb list\u00ebn e kuqe t\u00eb llojeve t\u00eb rrezikuara t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve dhe bim\u00ebve. P\u00ebr shembull, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar si nj\u00eb lloj n\u00eb rrezik zhdukje n\u00eb Austri, dhe e rrezikuar n\u00eb Gjermani.<\/p>\n

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P\u00ebrshkrimi. <\/strong>Gjat\u00ebsia e trupit t\u00eb Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb 5 – 6 mm. Ndryshimi midis t\u00eb dy sekseve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb dallimi tipik i merimangave ku femrat jan\u00eb me gjat\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb trupit, por lidhet me ngjyrimin dhe shenjat. Meshkujt jan\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb zinj, me tre vija t\u00eb zbehta n\u00eb cefalotaks, nd\u00ebrsa abdomeni ka ngjyr\u00eb kafe t\u00eb err\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb dhe me kat\u00ebr rreshta t\u00eb lidhura me pika t\u00eb bardha. K\u00ebmb\u00ebt kan\u00eb dy ngjyra, t\u00eb zeza dhe kafe t\u00eb lehta. Femrat kan\u00eb nj\u00eb cefalotoraks me ngjyr\u00eb kafe t\u00eb leht\u00eb, me tre vija t\u00eb zbehta p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb gjat\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj dhe dy rreshta t\u00eb holl\u00eb me arna t\u00eb err\u00ebta. Abdomeni \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i zbeht\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa k\u00ebmb\u00ebt jan\u00eb ngjyr\u00eb kafe t\u00eb zbeht\u00eb me pika t\u00eb err\u00ebta.<\/p>\n

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M\u00ebnyra e jetes\u00ebs. <\/strong>Ashtu si shumica e merimangave ujk, merimanga zukat\u00ebse nuk nd\u00ebrton nj\u00eb rrjet\u00eb, por ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb aktive gjat\u00eb dit\u00ebs si nj\u00eb grabitqare q\u00eb i z\u00eb prit\u00ebn pres\u00eb s\u00eb saj: kryesisht insekte. Gjat\u00eb sezonit t\u00eb \u00e7ift\u00ebzimit n\u00eb pranver\u00eb, meshkujt me an\u00eb t\u00eb abdomenit t\u00eb tyre godasin n\u00eb gjethet e thata duke b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb zhurm\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebgjueshme edhe p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit, si nj\u00eb tingull “zukatje”. Kjo sugjeron emrin e saj t\u00eb Merimang\u00ebs Zukat\u00ebse. Pas \u00e7ift\u00ebzimit femrat prodhojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kokon me rreth 60 vez\u00eb. Femrat e merimangave ujk jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura gjer\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr kujdesin e tyre ndaj kokonit me vez\u00eb, pasi ato e lidhin kokonin tek spineretat e tyre n\u00eb fund t\u00eb abdomenit dhe e mbajn\u00eb at\u00eb me vete kudo. Pasi \u00e7elin t\u00eb vegjlit, ata zakonisht ngjiten n\u00eb abdomenin e n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre dhe mbahen sip\u00ebr tij. Tek Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata<\/em> ka nj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb leht\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sjellje. K\u00ebtu, t\u00eb vegjlit nuk i mbajn\u00eb n\u00ebnat e tyre, por n\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ata kapen tek kokoni i zbraz\u00ebt – ndoshta nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me habitatet e tyre t\u00eb lagura. Merimangat adulte zukat\u00ebse mund t\u00eb gjenden nga Marsi deri n\u00eb N\u00ebntor. Meshkujt zakonisht vdesin pas \u00e7ift\u00ebzimit, por femrat zakonisht mbijetojn\u00eb n\u00eb dim\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

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Lloje t\u00eb ngjashme. <\/strong>N\u00eb Evrop\u00eb (Qendrore), merimanga zukat\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi lloj i gjinis\u00eb s\u00eb saj, ndaj dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb identifikohet bazuar tek ngjyrat dhe shenjat dalluese. P\u00ebr v\u00ebzhguesit pa eksperienc\u00eb, Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata<\/em> mund t\u00eb ngat\u00ebrrohet me merimang\u00ebn Zora spinimana<\/em> (Miturgidae), e cila gjendet n\u00eb habitate t\u00eb ngjashme.<\/p>\n

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Pse <\/strong>\u0451<\/strong>sht<\/strong>\u0451<\/strong> zgjedhur merimanga zukat\u00ebse si Merimanga Evropiane e Vitit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ky lloj me status t\u00eb lart\u00eb rrezikimi, i cili n\u00eb shtete t\u00eb tilla si Austria \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebr zhdukjes, duhet t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen p\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin dhe shkat\u00ebrrimin e habitateve t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre kafsh\u00ebve \u2013 n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast t\u00eb tharjes s\u00eb k\u00ebnetave. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb vecan\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb termat e ndryshimeve klimatike, n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebnetat jan\u00eb treguar t\u00eb jen\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ruajtjen e karbonit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj \u00ebsht\u00eb emocionuese dhe kurioze t\u00eb d\u00ebgjosh nj\u00eb merimang\u00eb zukat\u00ebse. Sjellja e t\u00eb vegj\u00eblve \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu di\u00e7ka e pazakont\u00eb tek merimangat ujk, n\u00eb lidhje m\u00eb faktin se pas \u00e7eljes s\u00eb tyre ato mbeten t\u00eb bashkangjitura tek kokoni. Duke zgjedhur Merimang\u00ebn e Vitit, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt shpresojn\u00eb q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do ti kushtohet v\u00ebmendje nj\u00eb grupi pak t\u00eb njohur t\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve dhe habitateve t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara, por n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur informacionin e p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar mbi shp\u00ebrndarjen aktuale t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, mund t\u00eb shijoni k\u00ebt\u00eb Merimang\u00eb t\u00eb Vitit 2022 dhe t\u00eb na ofroni ndihm\u00eb me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e vendndodhjes ose me dokumentime fotografike t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji. Merimanga Evropiane e Vitit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhur nga 84 araknolog\u00eb nga 27 shtete Evropiane. Kordinimi i votave \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar nga Muzeu i Historis\u00eb s\u00eb Natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me \u2018Arachnologischec Gesellschaft\u2019 (AraGes) dhe Shoqat\u00ebn Evropiane t\u00eb Araknologjis\u00eb. Christoph H\u00f6rweg & Blerina Vrenozi.<\/p>\n

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Kontakt n<\/strong>\u0451<\/strong> Shqip<\/strong>\u0451<\/strong>ri:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dr. Blerina Vrenozi, Muzeu i Shkencave t\u0451 Natyr\u0451s, Rr. Petro Nini Luarasi, Nd. 76-1, No. 2, 1010 Tiran\u00eb, Shqip\u0451ri. E-mail: blerina.vrenozi@fshn.edu.al<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Merimanga e Vitit 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merimanga zukat\u00ebse – <\/em>Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata <\/em>(Ohlert, 1865)<\/p>\n

Merimanga zukat\u00ebse, Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata<\/em> (Ohlert, 1865), i p\u00ebrket familjes s\u0451 merimangave ujk (Lycosidae). N\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, kjo familje ka 2440 lloje,<\/p>\n

…<\/span><\/p>\n

Read more ›<\/a><\/div>\n

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